Computer Application 1

Evolution of internet and web application

    The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.The internet started as an experiment in the late 1960s by the ARPA.The US Department of Defense developed a project called ARPANET, it was developed to survive nuclear attack. ARPANET consisted of 4 main computers located at University of California, Los Angeles and Santa Barbara , The Stanford Research Institute , University of Utah. Each of these computers severed as a host on the network, commonly today known as server.


    The first networking protocol used on the ARPANET was the Network Control Program.In 1983,it was replaced with TCP/IP protocol invented by Robert Kahn, Vinton Cerf and others,which quickly became most widely used network protocol in the world. TCP/IP is a suite of communication protocol used to interconnect network devices on the internet. It specifies how data is exchange over the internet by providing end-to-end communication that identify how it should be broken into packets , addressed , transmitted, routed and received at destination.

     In 1990 , the ARPANET was retired and transferred to the NSFNET . The NSFNET was soon connected to the CSNET , which linked Universities around North America , and then to EUNET, which connected research facilities in Europe . Thanks in part to the NSF's enlightened management, and fueled by the popularity of the web, the used of internet exploded after 1990, causing the US government to transfer management to independent  organization starting in 1995.